Short-course radiotherapy combined with CAPOX and PD-1 inhibitor for the total neoadjuvant therapy of locally advanced rectal cancer: the preliminary single-center findings of a prospective, multicentre, randomized phase II trial (TORCH) / 中华胃肠外科杂志

Objective: Total neoadjuvant therapy has been used to improve tumor responses and prevent distant metastases in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). Patients with complete clinical responses (cCR) then have the option of choosing a watch and wait (W&W) strategy and organ preservation. It has recently been shown that hypofractionated radiotherapy has better synergistic effects with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors than does conventionally fractionated radiotherapy, increasing the sensitivity of microsatellite stable (MSS) colorectal cancer to immunotherapy. Thus, in this trial we aimed to determine whether total neoadjuvant therapy comprising short-course radiotherapy (SCRT) combined with a PD-1 inhibitor improves the degree of tumor regression in patients with LARC. Methods: TORCH is a prospective, multicenter, randomized, phase II trial (TORCH Registration No. NCT04518280). Patients with LARC (T3-4/N+M0, distance from anus ≤10 cm) are eligible and are randomly assigned to consolidation or induction arms. Those in the consolidation arm receive SCRT (25Gy/5 Fx), followed by six cycles of toripalimab plus capecitabine and oxaliplatin (ToriCAPOX). Those in the induction arm receive two cycles of ToriCAPOX, then undergo SCRT, followed by four cycles of ToriCAPOX. Patients in both groups undergo total mesorectal excision (TME) or can choose a W&W strategy if cCR has been achieved. The primary endpoint is the complete response rate (CR, pathological complete response [pCR] plus continuous cCR for more than 1 year). The secondary endpoints include rates of Grade 3-4 acute adverse effects (AEs) etc. Results: Up to 30 September 2022, 62 patients attending our center were enrolled (Consolidation arm: 34, Induction arm:28). Their median age was 53 (27-69) years. Fifty-nine of them had MSS/pMMR type cancer (95.2%), and only three MSI-H/dMMR. Additionally, 55 patients (88.7%) had Stage III disease. The following important characteristics were distributed as follows: lower location (≤5 cm from anus, 48/62, 77.4%), deeper invasion by primary lesion (cT4 7/62, 11.3%; mesorectal fascia involved 17/62, 27.4%), and high risk of distant metastasis (cN2 26/62, 41.9%; EMVI+ 11/62, 17.7%). All 62 patients completed the SCRT and at least five cycles of ToriCAPOX, 52/62 (83.9%) completing six cycles of ToriCAPOX. Finally, 29 patients achieved cCR (46.8%, 29/62), 18 of whom decided to adopt a W&W strategy. TME was performed on 32 patients. Pathological examination showed 18 had achieved pCR, four TRG 1, and 10 TRG 2-3. The three patients with MSI-H disease all achieved cCR. One of these patients was found to have pCR after surgery whereas the other two adopted a W&W strategy. Thus, the pCR and CR rates were 56.2% (18/32) and 58.1% (36/62), respectively. The TRG 0-1 rate was 68.8% (22/32). The most common non-hematologic AEs were poor appetite (49/60, 81.7%), numbness (49/60, 81.7%), nausea (47/60, 78.3%) and asthenia (43/60, 71.7%); two patients did not complete this survey. The most common hematologic AEs were thrombocytopenia (48/62, 77.4%), anemia (47/62, 75.8%), leukopenia/neutropenia (44/62, 71.0%) and high transaminase (39/62, 62.9%). The main Grade III-IV AE was thrombocytopenia (22/62, 35.5%), with three patients (3/62, 4.8%) having Grade IV thrombocytopenia. No Grade V AEs were noted. Conclusions: SCRT-based total neoadjuvant therapy combined with toripalimab can achieve a surprisingly good CR rate in patients with LARC and thus has the potential to offer new treatment options for organ preservation in patients with MSS and lower-location rectal cancer. Meanwhile, the preliminary findings of a single center show good tolerability, the main Grade III-IV AE being thrombocytopenia. The significant efficacy and long-term prognostic benefit need to be determined by further follow-up.

Molecular mechanism and treatment strategy of colorectal cancer peritoneal metastasis / 中华胃肠外科杂志

Peritoneal metastatic colorectal cancer (pmCRC) is common and has been considered as the terminal stage. The theory of "seed and soil" and "oligometastasis" are the acknowledged hypotheses of pathogenesis of pmCRC. In recent years, the molecular mechanism related to pmCRC has been deeply researched. We realize that the formation of peritoneal metastasis, from detachment of cells from primary tumor to mesothelial adhesion and invasion, depends on the interplay of multiple molecules. Various components of tumor microenvironment also work as regulators in this process. Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) have been widely used in clinical practice as an established treatment for pmCRC. Besides systemic chemotherapy, targeted and immunotherapeutic drugs are also increasingly used to improve prognosis. This article reviews the molecular mechanisms and treatment strategies related to pmCRC.

Is pre-oxygenation with high-flow nasal oxygen safe? randomized control trial of 56 cases of elderly patients during induction of general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the safety of preoxygenation with high-flow nasal oxygenation in elderly patients during induction of general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation.@*METHODS@#Fifty-six elderly patients without difficult airway were randomized equally into high-flow nasal oxygen group (HF group) and conventional mask oxygen group (M group). Preoxygenation was performed for 5 min before induction of general anesthesia and endotracheal intubation. Oxygenation was maintained during laryngoscopy in HF group, and ventilation lasted until laryngoscopy in M group. For all the patients, the general data, cross-sectional area (CSA) of the gastric antrum measured by ultrasonography, arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2), arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) and arterial oxygen saturation (cSO2) were recorded before preoxygenation (T1), at 5 min of preoxygenation (T2) and immediately after intubation (T3). The safety time of asphyxia, intubation time, times of mask ventilation and postoperative complications were compared between the two groups.@*RESULTS@#The general data were comparable between the two groups. After 5 min of preoxygenation, PaO2 and cSO2 were significantly increased in both groups, and PaO2 was significantly higher in HF group than in M group (F=118.108 vs 9.511, P < 0.05). Both PaO2 and cSO2 decreased after intubation, but PaO2 decreased more slowly in HF group and still remained higher than that at T1; cSO2 decreased significantly in M group to a lower level than that at T1. Compared with those in M group, the patients in HF group showed a significantly longer safety time of asphyxia (t=5.305, P < 0.05) with fewer times of mask ventilation (χ2= 6.720, P < 0.05). PaCO2 increased after intubation in both groups but was comparable between the two groups (F=3.138, P > 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#High-flow nasal oxygen is safe, simple and effective for pre-oxygenation, which, as compared with the conventional oxygen mask, improves arterial oxygen partial pressure and prolongs the safety time of asphyxia to ensure the safety of airway management during induction of general anesthesia in elderly patients with endotracheal intubation.

Application Progress of Plant Growth Regulator in Production of Chinese Medicinal Materials / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Plant growth regulator （PGR） is mostly a class of chemical synthesis substance with physiological activities similar to plant hormones，which can promote cell elongation，induce vascular differentiation or accelerate tissue aging via regulating the physiological processes such as photosynthesis，respiration，transpiration，signal transduction，substance absorption and operation. PGR has the advantages of small dosage，high efficiency，low toxicity and less residue，and it is widely used in the planting of Chinese medicinal herbs. By consulting the relevant literature published in recent years，this paper briefly summarizes the main types of PGR，e.g.auxins，gibberellins，cytokinins，abscisic acid and ethylene，etc. On the other hand，this article analyzes and sums up the specific applications of PGR in the manufacture of Chinese herbal medicine，for instance，promoting seed germination，improving seed setting rate or fruit setting rate，dwarfing plants，inhibiting reproductive growth，regulating gender differentiation，stimulating fruit falling，enhancing resistance and so on. The problems existing in the practical use of PGR are pointed out，non-differentiation of specific species，unreasonable combination，not paying attention to the operation method，arbitrarily increasing the dose，lack of residue limit standard and reducing the content of some effective components，for example.Meanwhile，some feasible suggestions are put forward.Not only the suitable types of PGR should be selected in a reasonable and standardized manner，but also the appropriate concentration，dosage and period of application should be chosen carefully； the dual effects of PGR on plant growth and active ingredients in medicinal organs should be concerned，so as to improve the yield and avoid the loss of effective components on the basis of ensuring the quality of Chinese medicinal materials； it is necessary to strengthen the registration of PGR in the production of Chinese medicinal materials and establish residue limit standards to provide a monitoring basis for ensuring the safety of Chinese medicine in the future.The scientific use of PGR can promote the increase of agricultural yield and farmers' income，and make the healthy development of Chinese herbal medicine planting industry.

Biological Essence of Component Complexity in Herbal Medicine： Based on Changed Metabolism of Scutellaria baicalensis Under Drought Stress / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To investigate the biological essence of the content variation of differential primary and secondary metabolites in fresh<italic> </italic>roots of <italic>Scutellaria baicalensis </italic>under drought stress. Method:The changes of metabolites were analyzed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight mass/mass （UHPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS/MS）. Result:A total of 11 differential compounds were identified from the roots of <italic>S. baicalensis</italic> （VIP≥2）. Under drought stress， citric acid content increased and shikimic acid content decreased， indicating that the drought stress weakened the primary metabolism but strengthened secondary metabolism. Drought stress raised the content and regulated the proportion of various secondary metabolites by modulating the biosynthesis and biotransformation of them. To be specific， the content of free flavonoids with many phenolic hydroxyl groups and high biological activity and pharmacological activity， such as baicalin， wogonoside， baicalein， wogonin， chrysin， eriodictyol， 5，2'，6'-trihydroxy-7，8-dimethoxyflavone， 5，8-dihydroxy-6，7-dimethoxyflavone， and 3，5，7，2'，6'-pentahydroxyflavanone， was significantly increased. The massive compounds， like an intricate buffer， maintain metabolism stable as quickly and accurately as possible through biosynthesis and biotransformation， thus responding to the changing environment， which reveals how the quality of genuine regional drugs is influenced and why compounds in herbal medicine are complex. Conclusion:Secondary metabolites with low content but high activity are important influencing factors of medicinal material quality and metabolites with high content and high activity are evaluation indicators of genuine regional drug quality.

Determination of five saponins in Xuesaitong Dropping Pills by micellar electrokinetic chromatography and evaluation method of between-batch consistency / 中国中药杂志

The present study determined five saponins in Xuesaitong Dropping Pills(XDP) by micellar electrokinetic chromatography(MEKC), and evaluated between-batch consistency by MEKC fingerprints and similarity analysis. A background buffer was composed of 20 mmol·L~(-1) sodium tetraborate-20 mmol·L~(-1) boric acid solution(pH 8.5), 55 mmol·L~(-1) sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS), 23 mmol·L~(-1) β-cyclodextrin, and 13% isopropyl alcohol. All separations were performed at 25 ℃,20 kV and the detection wavelength was set at 203 nm. The separation channel was a fused silica capillary with a dimension of 75 μm I.D. and a total length of 50.2 cm(effective length of 40.0 cm). The contents of notoginsenoside R_1, and ginsenosides Rg_1, Re, Rb_1, Rd were determined with their quality control ranges set. The fingerprints of XDP were established and the between-batch consistency was evaluated by similarity analysis. The contents of five saponins from the 19 batches of XDP were stable in the fixed ranges. Statistical analysis was carried out on the results of multiple batches of samples, and the specific quality control ranges were recommended as follows: notoginsenoside R_1 21.92-34.16 mg·g~(-1), ginsenosides Rg_1 83.54-131.78 mg·g~(-1), ginsenosides Re 13.58-19.82 mg·g~(-1), ginsenosides Rb_1 89.40-129.90 mg·g~(-1), and ginsenosides Rd 22.34-35.67 mg·g~(-1). Eleven characteristic peaks were identified in the fingerprints. Five peaks, notoginsenoside R_1 and ginsenosides Rg_1, Re, Rb_1, Rd, were identified with reference standards. The similarities of the 19 batches of samples were all above 0.988, indicating good between-batch consistency. This method is green and simple, and can be used for the quantitative determination and quality evaluation of XDP. It can also provide references for the quality control of other Chinese medicinal dripping pills.

Effect of Astragalus Polysaccharide on Radiosensitivity and Epithelial-mesenchymal Transition of Human Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma CNE-1 Cells / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) was used in combination with ionizing radiation (IR) to investigate the mechanism of APS on the radiosensitivity of human nasopharyngeal narcinoma CNE-1 cells and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Method:Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) was used to detect the cytotoxicity of different concentrations of APS (0，6.25，12.5，25，50，100，200 g·L-1) on CNE-1 cells. Colony formation assay was used to calculate the survival fraction (survival fraction, SF) of CNE-1 cells treated with 12.5 g·L-1 APS combined with different radiation doses (0，2，4，6 Gy). The linear quadratic equation mathematical model (LQ) was used to draw the radiosensitivity curve according to SF value. Cell scratch and transwell chamber test were used to detect the migration and invasion ability of cells in each group. The apoptosis of cells in each group was detected by flow cytometry, Western blot was used to detect the expressions of EMT markers, apoptosis markers and protein kinase B/extracellular regulated protein kinases (Akt/ERK) pathway proteins in each group. Result:The results of colony formation assay and radiosensitivity curve showed that the combination of non-toxic dose of 12.5 g·L-1 APS and radiation dose of 4 Gy could significantly increase the radiosensitivity of CNE-1 cells. Compared with blank group and IR group, APS combined with IR could significantly inhibit the migration and invasion of CNE-1 cells (P<0.05), and increase the rate of apoptosis (P<0.05). In addition, compared with the blank group and the IR group, APS combined with IR could significantly down-regulate the expressions of N-cadherin, p-Akt and p-ERK, and significantly up-regulate the expressions of E-cadherin, Bax and Caspase-3 (P<0.05). Conclusion:APS combined with IR can inhibit the migration and invasion of CNE-1 cells, and increase the apoptosis induced by radiotherapy, which may be related to the inhibition of EMT and Akt/ERK pathway.

Final evaluation of health education on prevention and control of schistosomiasis in Hubei Province from 2004 to 2015 / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To evaluate the health education effect of schistosomiasis in Hubei Province after implementing of the Outline of National Mid-Long-Term Plan for Schistosomiasis Prevention and Control (2004–2015). Methods Based on questionnaires and datum review, the data of health education for integrated prevention and control of schistosomiasis in Hubei Province from 2004 to 2015 were collected to evaluate the effect of health education. Results A total of 16 662 499 schistosomiasis health education publicity materials were distributed, 28 712 times of media propaganda were conducted, 174 506 warning signs were established, 185 985 promotional slogans were issued, 1 212 810 pieces of personal protective equipment were distributed, 9 248 village officer training courses were organized, and 5 569 school teacher training courses in primary and secondary schools were conducted in 63 counties (cities, districts) of 13 cities in Hubei Province from 2004 to 2015. A total of 4 815 people were surveyed in 3 counties in 2015. The awareness rate of schistosomiasis control knowledge was 91.62%, and the correct rates of beliefs and attitudes were 89.54% and 96.91% respectively. The overall rate of correct behavior of the population was 91.91%. The related indicators, such as schistosomiasis infection rate, acute infection cases, and others, declined year by year over the same period. Conclusions The schistosomiasis health education in Hubei Province has obvious effects on enhancing the knowledge and attitudes of schistosomiasis control in populations and promoting the formation of correct schistosomiasis control behavior among residents. It has played an active role and is an important mean in comprehensive prevention and control of schistosomiasis.

Final evaluation of health education on prevention and control of schistosomiasis in Hubei Province from 2004 to 2015 / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To evaluate the health education effect of schistosomiasis in Hubei Province after implementing of the Outline of National Mid-Long-Term Plan for Schistosomiasis Prevention and Control (2004–2015). Methods Based on questionnaires and datum review, the data of health education for integrated prevention and control of schistosomiasis in Hubei Province from 2004 to 2015 were collected to evaluate the effect of health education. Results A total of 16 662 499 schistosomiasis health education publicity materials were distributed, 28 712 times of media propaganda were conducted, 174 506 warning signs were established, 185 985 promotional slogans were issued, 1 212 810 pieces of personal protective equipment were distributed, 9 248 village officer training courses were organized, and 5 569 school teacher training courses in primary and secondary schools were conducted in 63 counties (cities, districts) of 13 cities in Hubei Province from 2004 to 2015. A total of 4 815 people were surveyed in 3 counties in 2015. The awareness rate of schistosomiasis control knowledge was 91.62%, and the correct rates of beliefs and attitudes were 89.54% and 96.91% respectively. The overall rate of correct behavior of the population was 91.91%. The related indicators, such as schistosomiasis infection rate, acute infection cases, and others, declined year by year over the same period. Conclusions The schistosomiasis health education in Hubei Province has obvious effects on enhancing the knowledge and attitudes of schistosomiasis control in populations and promoting the formation of correct schistosomiasis control behavior among residents. It has played an active role and is an important mean in comprehensive prevention and control of schistosomiasis.

Clinical Efficacy of Modified Shenling Baizhu San in Treatment of Hashimoto's Thyroiditis / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of modified Shenling Baizhu San combined with thyroxine tablets in the treatment of Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT). Method:The 68 patients with HT were randomly divided into treatment group and control group, with 34 patients in each group. Control group was treated with thyroxine tablets alone, while treatment group was treated with modified Shenling Baizhu San in addition to the therapy of control group. Free triiodothyronine (FT3), free Thyroxine (FT4), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), serum thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) and thyroglobulin were observed before and after treatment in the two groups of HT patients. The changes of thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb) and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome score, and the safety of TCM prescription were observed. Result:After 3 months of treatment, the effective rate of treatment group was 91.2%, which was significantly higher than 70.6% of control group, with statistically significant difference (PPP3 and FT4 in treatment group and control group increased significantly after 3 months of treatment (PPPPConclusion:Modified Shenling Baizhu San combined with thyroxine tablets in the treatment of HT is more effective than simple thyroxine tablets, which is worthy of further clinical and experimental study.

Analysis on monitoring results of occupational hazards in Yangzhou city from 2014 to 2018 / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

Objective@#To undersand the monitor of occupational hazards in the enterprises in the past 5 years, as well as the distribution of occupational disease hazards and their dynamic changes in their respective jurisdictions, for providing scientific basis for prevention and control of occupational diseases in relevant departments.@*Methods@#Taking the method of cluster sampling, select the monitoring results of the occupational disease hazard factors commissioned by the Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention from 2014 to 2018 and the annual monitoring data of the network of the occupational hazard declaration system of the Safety Supervision Bureau, using chi-square test, trend Statistical analysis was performed by chi-square test or Fisher exact probability method.@*Results@#There were 461 testing companies in the past 5 years, with a total of 15, 186 monitoring points and 43428 samples. The pass rate was 94.32% (14324/15186) . The pass rate was increasing year by year from 2014 to 2017 (P<0.05) ; The pass rate of various occupational disease hazards surveillance were greater than 90% except the rate of physical factors. In 2014, the qualified rate of physical factors was the lowest, which was 86.99% (1558/1791) ; the production rate of different production scale enterprises in 2018 was higher than that of 2014. From 2014 to 2018, the number of inspection enterprises and the number of inspection points of the joint-stock economy and state-owned economic enterprises are both high, 58 (10091 points) and 71 (1830 points) respectively; The qualified rate of state-owned economy and collective economy monitoring is high, 98.36% (1800/1830) and 100% (74/74) respectively. It had reached more than 95%; The enterprises tested mainly from the economic development zone and Guangling, respectively accounting for 34.27% (158/461) and 33.84% (156/461) of the total number of enterprises. Which followed by the Hanjiang, accounting for 23.21% of the total number of enterprises (107/461) ; The monitoring enterprises were mainly distributed in the manufacturing and power industries, which accounted for 85.25% (393/461) and 6.07% (28/461) of the total number of enterprises, respectively.@*Conclusion@#The monitoring rate of enterprises had been increasing year by year from 2014 to 2018. Noise was the main disease prevention and controlling factor in the area.In addition, micro-enterprises, individual economy and foreign-invested economy were the key targets for occupational health.

Discussion on concept of genuine medicinal materials and its use standard / 中草药

The origin place and quality of the traditional medicinal materials have been revolutionized in the last hundred years. The cultivated one, loom larger and larger, have become popular, with a result of declined quality, varied origin place, lack of criterion to measure quality, and confused definition usage, etc. The famous-region drug, with a high quality, should be defined not only as the origin place, but also as specific germplasm, ecological condition, and modes of production. On the basis of defining the concept of genuine medicinal materials, optimizing germplasm resources and origin place and strengthening the research of quality formation would be a main route to improve the quality of cultivated medicinal materials and promote the healthy development of traditional Chinese medicine industry.

Surgical treatment of aorta coarctation / 医学研究生学报

Congenital coarctation of the aorta is a complex and common congenital heart disease, which can be combined with other heart defects. The clinical symptoms vary from the severity of the disease. In 1944, Crafoord successfully performed surgical repair of coarctation of the aorta, along with the progress of surgical Methods and the advent of interventional techniques, the treatment effect is improved, But no matter what kind of treatment it is, restenosis, aortic aneurysm, hypertension and other complications cannot be avoided. From long-term analysis of the followup Results , the overall effect of surgical treatment is still better than interventional treatment. This article reviews the surgical treatment of coarctation of the aorta.

Exogenous H₂O₂ regulated secondary metabolism of Scutellaria baicalensis and enhanced drug quality / 中国中药杂志

The increasing demand of Chinese materia medica could not be supplied by wild resource, and the cultivated medicinal materials become popular, which led to decreased quality of many medicinal materials due to the difference of the circumstance between the wild and the cultivated. How to improve quality becomes key points of Chinese medicine resource. The leaves of Scutellaria baicalensis were sprayed with H₂O₂, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) changed little, but there had been a marked decrease of peroxidase (POD) and ascorbic oxidase (APX), which showed that the antioxidase system declined. Meanwhile, H₂O₂, as enhanced the expression of phenylalnine ammonialyase (PAL) and β-glucuronidase (GUS) as well as activity of PAL, promoted the biosynthesis and biotransformation of flavonoids. At the day 2 after treated, H₂O₂ of 0.004 μmol·L⁻¹ the contents of the baicalin and the wogonoside decreased slightly, but the contents of the baicalein and the wogonin increased significantly, the baicalein from 0.094% to 0.324%, the wogonin from 0.060% to 0.110%, i. e. increased 246% and 83.3%, respectively.

Problems and countermeasures in development of Chinese materia medica resource / 中草药

With the increase in population and depletion of resources, the wild resources of Chinese materia medica are not enough to meet the demand of human, so the cultivated resources become a major source, resulting in severe degradation of herbal medicine quality. It poses a serious threat to traditional Chinese medicine with thousands of years of history. The cultivation is the most basic and effective means to solve the shortage of resources, and improving the quality of the cultivated medicinal materials is the key to deal with this problem. In this paper, the current production and developments of herbal medicine were discussed, the problems of blindly expanding planting area, lack of enough attention to germ plasm resource and advanced production technology were prevalent. The idea of improving the quality and yield of cultivated medicinal materials was put forward. On the premise of improving the quality and yield of medicinal materials, the cultivation of Chinese medicinal materials should optimize the planting area, standardize the cultivation of fine high-quality germplasm, improve the production technology of high-quality medicinal materials, and expand the application market of Chinese materia medica to expand Chinese traditional culture.

Coarctation of the aorta with hypoplastic aortic arch :Analysis of midterm and longterm outcomes with autologous pulmonary patch aortoplasty / 医学研究生学报

Objective Previously we have reported the early and midterm benifit of autologous pulmonary patch in repairing aortic coarctation of hypoplastic aortic arch.This study aimed to assess its reliability and midterm and longterm outcomes.Methods We retrospectivly analyzed 42 pediatric patients with coarctation of the aorta (CoA) with hypoplastic aortic arch undergoing surgical repair with autologous pulmonary patch from May 2009 to May 2017 in General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command of PLA.All the patients were allocated into either senior group (＞ 1 years) or junior group (≤1 years) according to the age of operation.The trans-coarctation gradient,pulmonary pressure and aortic Z value change were compared between two groups before and after the repair.Results There were 8 cases had early postoperative complications.However,no death had been reported during the postoperative time and the followed up period ranged from 4 months to 106 months (40.0± 15.5) months).The average pressure gradient of coarctation segment for all the patients was (11.9±6.4) mmHg,including 5 cases more than 25 mmHg.The pressure gradient and mean pulmonary arterial pressure after operation were significantly lower than those before operation (P＜0.05),The postoperative aortic arch Z value was greater than the preoperative value (P＜0.05).Compared with the preoperative period,the Z value of proximal transverse arch increased significantly(-0.64±0.44) vs (1.27±0.66),P＜0.05.Compared with junior group,the senior group had higher preoperative and postoperative pulmonary artery pressure (P＜0.05),and longer CPB time,aortic block time,ventilation time,ICU time and hospital stay time (P＜0.05).However,patients in the junior group had a higher pressure gradient through the aorta arch(P＜0.05) and a smaller Z value transverse arch aortic proximal and isthmus(P＜0.05) during the long-term period.The time of selective cerebral perfusion had no statistical difference between the two groups (P＞ 0.05).Conclusion Early surgery for coarctation of aorta with hypoplastic aortic arch,autologous pulmonary patch aortoplasty is a relatively ideal option with better midterm and longterm outcomes.

Progress of serum pharmacochemistry of traditional Chinese medicine and further development of its theory and method / 中国中药杂志

Serum pharmacochemistry of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is designed to screen the efficacy material base of TCMs from the constituents absorbed into the blood after oral administration. The theory and method is in accordance with the effect characteristics of TCMs, and reflects the interaction between the body and the drugs, has become an effective pathway for researching the efficacy material base of TCMs which has been recognized and used widely. In the paper, the previous research contents and methods of the serum pharmacochemistry of TCM were reviewed, and on the basis of the further validity of the special administration form of the TCM formula and the corresponding property to TCM syndrome, the new strategy of serum pharmacochemistry of TCM integrating the metabonomics technologies was put forward. According to the strategy, we take the biological characters of TCM syndrome as a research starting point, taking TCM formula as object, using the metabolic biomarkers of syndromes or disease to evaluate the therapeutic effect of formula and screen the compounds of TCMs in serum which are highly correlated with the metabolic biomarkers through the correlation analysis, and by further biological validation to finally confirm the efficacy material basis of TCMs. Integrating with the systems biology technologies, the theory and method of serum pharmacochemistry of TCM will further develop, and open a new chapter in the interpretation of the theory of TCM.

Effect of salicylic acid on photosynthesis, physio-biochemistry and quality of Panax ginseng under full sun shine in spring / 中国中药杂志

In order to search for a new pathway to improve the yield of ginseng through growing at the full sun shine accompanied by salicylic acid (SA), the net photosynthetic rate (P(n)), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), malondialdehyde (MDA) in Panax ginseng leaves, and the content of ginsenosides in roots were compared under various concentrations of SA and full sun shine with the traditional shade shed. Under the full sun shine, 0.05, 0.2 mmol x L(-1) SA increased net photosynthetic rate to a great extent. Under the cloudy day, the average net photosynthetic rate increased by 127.8% and 155.0% over the traditional shade shed, 13.9% and 27.5% over the treatment without SA respectively; under the clear day, 23.5% and 30.4% over the traditional shade shed, 8.6% and 14.6% over the treatment without SA, particularly obvious in the morning and late afternoon. With such concentration, SA increased activities of SOD, CAT, POD, and decreased the contents of the MDA. This difference resulted from different light intensity, rise of light saturation point, and fall of compensation point. Full sun shine decreased ginsenosides contents, but with SA, the ginsenosides regained, the content of Rg1 and Re, Rb1, total six types of ginsenosides in SA 0.2 mmol x L(-1) group were higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05) and other groups. The application of 0.2 mmol x L(-1) SA under full sun shine during a short time has little threat to the P. ginseng in spring, and could enhance the resistance to the adversity, which would improve the yield of ginseng heavily.

Overview of traditional Chinese medicine quality evaluation method based on overall research / 中国中药杂志

The establishment of quality evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine system that not only accords with Chinese medicine function characteristics but also is recognized as international medical circles, is an arduous task in urgent need of solving the current modernization of traditional Chinese medicine in the process of internationalization. It is difficult to evaluate atraditional Chinese medicine by detection of single active components in traditional Chinesemedicinewiththe western medicine quality controlmethod due to the overall effects of traditional Chinese drugs, the components of the overall diversity, targets, and the complexity of the interaction between components of unpredictable make the Long-term since, domestic and foreign scholars continue to explore and put forward a series of quality evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine to promote the development of traditional Chinese medicine. This article summarized the related academic ideas and developments to, providea new thought and perspective for the quality control of traditional Chinese medicine.

On formation factors of major producing areas for Chinese materia medica and planting regionalization / 中国中药杂志

After China's foundations, the diminution in wild medicinal plants, social progress, and improvement of science and technology level promoted the cultivation development of the traditional Chinese medicine, the traditional Chinese medicine from cultivation will become the principal source of future commodity. The broad of wide distribution, diversity of environment, and the difference of cultivation benefit formed major producing areas. According to the ecological factors and social and economic development of major producing areas, major producing areas could be divided into quality oriented, yield oriented, benefit oriented, humanity oriented, special environment oriented, and integrated factors oriented, based on the quality and the yield of the Chinese medicine, and economic benefit. The results could provides scientific guidance for the choice of a new optimum growing areas.